What is Prediabetes?

Glucometer and an insulin pen in front with a healthy-looking meal slightly out of focus behind it Photo by Sweet Life on Unsplash

Prediabetes, or borderline diabetes, is a when your blood glucose (blood sugar) is higher than normal (WebMD, 2003).

Contents

What is prediabetes and why is it important?



Causes

Prediabetes occurs due to insulin resistance, where the body produces insulin—a hormone that manages blood sugar levels—but doesn't use it effectively, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

There are several factors that may contribute to insulin resistance, such as:

  • Genetics
  • Excess body fat
  • Chronic stress
  • Sleep deprivation
  • Lack of physical activity
  • A diet high in processed foods
  • Certain hormonal disorders (such as Cushing's syndrome and hypothyroidism)
  • Some long-term medications (such as steroids)

Symptoms

  • Increased thirst
  • Frequent urination
  • Fatigue
  • Blurred vision
  • Darkened skin patches (armpits, neck)
  • Small skin growths in the same areas

Treatment

The main treatment for prediabetes involves lifestyle changes such as eating healthily, staying active, losing weight, and regularly monitoring blood sugar, as mentioned here.